PHARMACOLOGY MNEMONICS
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins): side effects, contraindications, interactions
HMG-CoA:
· Side effects:
Hepatotoxicity
Myositis [aka rhabdomyolysis]
· Contraindications:
Girl during pregnancy/ Growing children
· Interactions:
Coumarin/ Cyclosporine
Antiarrhythmics: class III members
BIAS:
Bretylium
Ibutilide
Amiodarone
Sotalol
Beta-blockers: main contraindications, cautions
ABCDE:
Asthma
Block (heart block)
COPD
Diabetes mellitus
Electrolyte (hyperkalemia)
Clopidogrel: use
CLOPIdogrel is a drug that prevents
CLots, an Oral Platelet Inhibitor (OPI).
Amiodarone: action, side effects
6 P's:
Prolongs action potential duration
Photosensitivity
Pigmentation of skin
Peripheral neuropathy
Pulmonary alveolitis and fibrosis
Peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 is inhibited -> hypothyroidism
Beta blockers: members
"The NEPAL Prime Minister":
Timolol
Nadolol
Esmolol
Pindolol
Atenolol
Labetalol
Propranolol
Metoprolol
Ca++ channel blockers: uses
CA++ MASH:
Cerebral vasospasm/ CHF
Angina
Migranes
Atrial flutter, fibrillation
Supraventricular tachycardia
Hypertension
· Alternatively: "CHASM":
Cererbral vasospasm / CHF
Hypertension
Angina
Suprventricular tachyarrhythmia
Migranes
Beta-blockers: nonselective beta-blockers
"Tim Pinches His Nasal Problem" (because he has a runny nose...):
Timolol
Pindolol
Hismolol
Naldolol
Propranolol
Antiarrhythmics: classification I to IV
MBA College· In order of class I to IV:
Membrane stabilizers (class I)
Beta blockers
Action potential widening agents
Calcium channel blockers
Enoxaprin (prototype low molecular weight heparin): action, monitoring
EnoXaprin only acts on factor Xa.
Monitor Xa concentration, rather than APTT
anti hyprtensive safe for pregnancy are---
My N.H.L ---
methyldopa
sodium nitroprusside
clinical uses: MR. CHIEF SURGERY IN EMERGENCY
antihypertensives used in emergencies.............
Saurav Ganguly HELP
Anticholinergic side effects
"Know the ABCD'S of anticholinergic side effects":
Antimuscarinics: members, action
"Inhibits Parasympathetic And Sweat":
Aspirin: side effects
ASPIRIN:
Benzodiazapines: ones not metabolized by the liver (safe to use in liver failure)
LOT:
Benzodiazepenes: antidote
Benzodiazepenes: drugs which decrease their metabolism
"I'm Overly Calm":
Benzodiazepines: actions
"Ben SCAMs Pam into seduction not by brain but by muscle":
Beta selective blockers
"BEAM ONE up, Scotty":
Botulism toxin: action, related bungarotoxin
Cholinergics (eg organophosphates): effects
If you know these, you will be "LESS DUMB": or SLUDGE
Delerium-causing drugs
ACUTE CHANGE IN MS:
Direct sympathomimetic catecholamines
DINED:
Inhalation anesthetics
SHINE:
Ipratropium: action
Atropine is buried in the middle: iprAtropium, so it behaves like Atropine.
Lead poisoning: presentation
ABCDEFG:
Lithium: side effects
LITH:
MAOIs: indications
MAOI'S:
Methyldopa: side effects
METHYLDOPA:
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: members
"PIT of despair":
Morphine: effects
MORPHINES:
Morphine: effects at mu receptor
PEAR:
Narcotic antagonists
Parkinsonism: drugs
SALAD:
Phenytoin: adverse effects
PHENYTOIN:
Physostigmine vs. neostigmine
LMNOP:
Pupils in overdose: morphine vs. amphetamine
"MorPHINE: Fine. AmPHETamine: Fat":
Serotonin syndrome: components
Causes HARM:
Sodium valproate: side effects
VALPROATE:
Succinylcholine: action, use
Tricyclic antidepressants: members worth knowing
"I have to hide, the CIA is after me":
Tricyclic antidipressents (TCA): side effects TCA'S:
Vigabatrin: mechanism
Vi-GABA-Tr-In:
Antibiotics contraindicated during pregnancy
MCAT:
Busulfan: features
ABCDEF:
Metabolism enzyme inducers
"Randy's Black Car Goes Putt Putt and Smokes":
HMG-CoA:
· Side effects:
Hepatotoxicity
Myositis [aka rhabdomyolysis]
· Contraindications:
Girl during pregnancy/ Growing children
· Interactions:
Coumarin/ Cyclosporine
Antiarrhythmics: class III members
BIAS:
Bretylium
Ibutilide
Amiodarone
Sotalol
Beta-blockers: main contraindications, cautions
ABCDE:
Asthma
Block (heart block)
COPD
Diabetes mellitus
Electrolyte (hyperkalemia)
Clopidogrel: use
CLOPIdogrel is a drug that prevents
CLots, an Oral Platelet Inhibitor (OPI).
Amiodarone: action, side effects
6 P's:
Prolongs action potential duration
Photosensitivity
Pigmentation of skin
Peripheral neuropathy
Pulmonary alveolitis and fibrosis
Peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 is inhibited -> hypothyroidism
Beta blockers: members
"The NEPAL Prime Minister":
Timolol
Nadolol
Esmolol
Pindolol
Atenolol
Labetalol
Propranolol
Metoprolol
Ca++ channel blockers: uses
CA++ MASH:
Cerebral vasospasm/ CHF
Angina
Migranes
Atrial flutter, fibrillation
Supraventricular tachycardia
Hypertension
· Alternatively: "CHASM":
Cererbral vasospasm / CHF
Hypertension
Angina
Suprventricular tachyarrhythmia
Migranes
Beta-blockers: nonselective beta-blockers
"Tim Pinches His Nasal Problem" (because he has a runny nose...):
Timolol
Pindolol
Hismolol
Naldolol
Propranolol
Antiarrhythmics: classification I to IV
MBA College· In order of class I to IV:
Membrane stabilizers (class I)
Beta blockers
Action potential widening agents
Calcium channel blockers
Enoxaprin (prototype low molecular weight heparin): action, monitoring
EnoXaprin only acts on factor Xa.
Monitor Xa concentration, rather than APTT
anti hyprtensive safe for pregnancy are---
My N.H.L ---
Quote:
M-methyl dopa.. N-nifedipine... H-hydralazine.. L-labetalol. |
Quote:
M = mental retardation E = electrolyte imbalance T = tolerance H = headache/ hepatotoxicity, rebound HTN Y = psYchological upset D = dry mouth, drowsiness O = oedema, orthostatic hypotension P = Parkinsonism A = Anemia [+ve coomb's test] |
clinical uses: MR. CHIEF SURGERY IN EMERGENCY
Quote:
Mr. = Acute MI chief = Acute CHF Surgery = maintain hemostasis during surgeries emergency = hypertensive emergencies |
Saurav Ganguly HELP
Quote:
S-sodium nitroprusside G-GTN H-hydralazine E-esmolol L-labetalol P-phentolamine |
"Know the ABCD'S of anticholinergic side effects":
Quote:
Anorexia Blurry vision Constipation/ Confusion Dry Mouth Sedation/ Stasis of urine |
"Inhibits Parasympathetic And Sweat":
Quote:
Ipratropium Pirenzepine Atropine Scopolamine _Muscarinic receptors at all parasympathetic endings sweat glands in sympathetic. |
ASPIRIN:
Quote:
Asthma Salicyalism Peptic ulcer disease/ Phosphorylation-oxidation uncoupling/ PPH/ Platelet disaggregation/ Premature closure of PDA Intestinal blood loss Reye's syndrome Idiosyncracy Noise (tinnitus) |
LOT:
Quote:
Lorazepam Oxazepam Temazepam |
Quote:
"Ben is off with the flu": Benzodiazepine effects off with Flumazenil. |
"I'm Overly Calm":
Quote:
Isoniazid Oral contraceptive pills Cimetidine _ These drugs increase calming effect of BZDs by retarding metabolism. |
"Ben SCAMs Pam into seduction not by brain but by muscle":
Quote:
Sedation anti-Convulsant anti-Anxiety Muscle relaxant Not by brain: No antipsychotic activity. |
"BEAM ONE up, Scotty":
Quote:
Beta blockers: Esmolol Atenolol Metropolol |
Botulism toxin: action, related bungarotoxin
Quote:
Action: "Botulism Bottles up the Ach so it can't be the released": Related bungarotoxin: "Botulism is related to Beta Bungarotoxin (beta-, not alpha-bungarotoxin--alpha has different mechanism). |
Cholinergics (eg organophosphates): effects
If you know these, you will be "LESS DUMB": or SLUDGE
Quote:
Lacrimation Excitation of nicotinic synapses Salivation Sweating Diarrhea Urination Micturition Bronchoconstriction |
Delerium-causing drugs
ACUTE CHANGE IN MS:
Quote:
Antibiotics (biaxin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin) Cardiac drugs (digoxin, lidocaine) Urinary incontinence drugs (anticholinergics) Theophylline Ethanol Corticosteroids H blockers Antiparkinsonian drugs Narcotics (esp. mepridine) Geriatric psychiatric drugs ENT drugs Insomnia drugs NSAIDs (eg indomethacin, naproxin) Muscle relaxants Seizure medicines |
DINED:
Quote:
Dopamine Isoproterenol Norepinephrine Epinephrine Dobutamine |
SHINE:
Quote:
Sevoflurane Halothane Isoflurane Nitrous oxide Enflurane _ If want the defunct Methoxyflurane too, make it MoonSHINE. |
Atropine is buried in the middle: iprAtropium, so it behaves like Atropine.
Lead poisoning: presentation
ABCDEFG:
Quote:
Anemia Basophilic stripping Colicky pain Diarrhea Encephalopathy Foot drop Gum (lead line) |
LITH:
Quote:
Leukocytosis Insipidus [diabetes insipidus, tied to polyuria] Tremor/ Teratogenesis Hypothyroidism |
MAOI'S:
Quote:
Melancholic [classic name for atypical depression] Anxiety Obesity disorders [anorexia, bulemia] Imagined illnesses [hypochondria] Social phobias _ Listed in decreasing order of importance. _ Note MAOI is inside MelAnchOlIc. |
Methyldopa: side effects
METHYLDOPA:
Quote:
Mental retardation Electrolyte imbalance Tolerance Headache/ Hepatotoxicity psYcological upset Lactation in female Dry mouth Oedema Parkinsonism Anaemia (haemolytic) |
"PIT of despair":
Quote:
Phenelzine Isocarboxazid Tranylcypromine _ A pit of despair, since MAOs treat depression. |
MORPHINES:
Quote:
Miosis Orthostatic hypotension Respiratory depression Pain supression Histamine release/ Hormonal alterations Increased ICT Nausea Euphoria Sedation |
PEAR:
Quote:
Physical dependence Euphoria Analgesia Respiratory depression |
Quote:
The Narcotic Antagonists are NAloxone and NAltrexone. _ Important clinically to treat narcotic overdose. |
SALAD:
Quote:
Selegiline Anticholinenergics (trihexyphenidyl, benzhexol, ophenadrine) L-Dopa + peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor (carbidopa, benserazide) Amantadine Dopamine postsynaptic receptor agonists (bromocriptine, lisuride, pergolide) |
Phenytoin: adverse effects
PHENYTOIN:
Quote:
P- interactions Hirsutism Enlarged gums Nystagmus Yellow-browning of skin Teratogenicity Osteomalacia Interference with B metabolism (hence anemia) Neuropathies: vertigo, ataxia, headache |
LMNOP:
Quote:
Lipid soluble Miotic Natural Orally absorbed well Physostigmine _ Neostigmine, on the contrary, is: Water soluble Used in myesthenia gravis Synthetic Poor oral absorption |
"MorPHINE: Fine. AmPHETamine: Fat":
Quote:
Morphine overdose: pupils constricted (fine). Amphetamine overdose: pupils dilated (fat). |
Causes HARM:
Quote:
Hyperthermia Autonomic instability (delirium) Rigidity Myoclonus |
VALPROATE:
Quote:
Vomiting Alopecia Liver toxicity Pancreatitis/ Pancytopenia Retention of fats (weight gain) Oedema (peripheral oedema) Appetite increase Tremor Enzyme inducer (liver) |
Quote:
Succinylcholine gets Stuck to Ach receptor, then Sucks ions in through open pore. You Suck stuff in through a mouth-tube, and drug is used for intubation. |
"I have to hide, the CIA is after me":
Quote:
Clomipramine Imipramine Amitrptyline _ If want the next worth knowing, the DNDis also after me: Desipramine Norrtriptyline Doxepin |
Quote:
ThrombocytopeniaCardiac (arrhymia, MI, stroke) Anticholinergic (tachycardia, urinary retention, etc) Seizures |
Vi-GABA-Tr-In:
Quote:
Via GABA Transferase Inhibition |
MCAT:
Quote:
Metronidazole Chloramphenicol Aminoglycoside Tetracycline |
ABCDEF:
Quote:
Alkylating agent Bone marrow suppression s/e CML indication Dark skin (hyperpigmentation) s/e Endrocrine insufficiency (adrenal) s/e Fibrosis (pulmonary) s/e |
"Randy's Black Car Goes Putt Putt and Smokes":
Quote:
Rifampin Barbiturates Carbamazepine Grisoefulvin Phenytoin Phenobarb Smoking cigarettes |
Morphine: side-effects
MORPHINE:
Therapeutic index: formula
TILE:
Zero order kinetics drugs (most common ones)
"PEAZ (sounds like pees) out a constant amount":
Asthma drugs: leukotriene inhibitor action
Beta- vs Beta- receptor location
"You have heart and lungs":
Hepatic necrosis: drugs causing focal to massive necrosis
"Very Angry Hepatocytes":
Adrenoceptors: vasomotor function of alpha vs. beta
ABCD:
Beta blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity
Beta-blockers: main contraindications, cautions
ABCDE:
Beta-blockers: nonselective beta-blockers "Tim Pinches His Nasal Problem" (because he has a runny nose...):
MORPHINE:
Quote:
Myosis Out of it (sedation) Respiratory depression Pneumonia (aspiration) Hypotension Infrequency (constipation, urinary retention) Nausea Emesis |
TILE:
Code:
TI = LD / ED
"PEAZ (sounds like pees) out a constant amount":
Quote:
Phenytoin Ethanol Aspirin Zero order _ Someone that pees out a constant amount describes zero order kinetics (always the same amount out) |
Quote:
zAfirlukast: Antagonist of lipoxygenase zIlueton: Inhibitor of LT receptor |
"You have heart and lungs":
Quote:
Beta- are therefore primarily on heart. Beta- primarily on lungs. |
"Very Angry Hepatocytes":
Quote:
Valproic acid Acetaminophen Halothane |
ABCD:
Quote:
Alpha = Constrict. Beta = Dilate. |
Beta blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity
Quote:
Picture diabetic and asthmatic kids riding away on a cart that rolls on pinwheels. Pindolol and Carteolol have high and moderate ISA respectively, making them acceptable for use in some diabetics or asthmatics despite the fact that they are non-seletive beta blockers. |
ABCDE:
Quote:
Asthma Block (heart block) COPD Diabetes mellitus Electrolyte (hyperkalemia) |
Quote:
Timolol Pindolol Hismolol Naldolol Propranolol |
PREANASTHETIC MEDICATION
HOSANA this is a christian word.
simple and sobar
anti epeleptic drugs
Dr.BHAISAB's New PC.
adverse effects of tetracyclins-KAPIL DEV
GENERAL TOXICITY OF ANTICANCER DRUGS
SHaLi's BF Ghoghari Gautam is Chor.
6 H s and 8 H s of adverse effects of thaizide diuretics and loop diuretics respectively.....
'melbourne cricket authority has high funds though players get minor amount' .. for clinical uses of beta blockers...
Drugs causing pulmonary fibrosis:
ADRS OF CHLORAMPHENICOL
smart boys in girls hostel
B.... bone marrow depression
H...hypersensitivity
I....irritative effects
S.....superinfections
G.....Gray baby syndrome
ampicillin uses
UR GMCS BeST
misch
Acyclovir “I see clover”
I see a three-leaf clover (this is a prodrug that gets converted into a triphosphate – it resembles dNTP and inhibits DNA Polymerase). Imagine putting clovers over herpes sores and genital warts (this is used to treat those).
Amantadine “Homan to Dean” In case you haven’t heard, Dr. Homan is our new SOM dean. His new policy: he won’t let us come to school without our white coats (this drug blocks uncoating, stage 2, in viral infection). Other interesting facts about him: he can pee for 12 hours straight! (The half-life is 12h and it’s excreted unchanged in the kidney .)
Dr. Homan can’t take the pressure of being a new dean so he becomes a nervous drunk with depression, feelings of detachment, insomnia, dizziness, ataxia, slurred speech, and inability to concentrate (these are some of the adverse effects)
Cephachlor “Chlorine” – as in swimming pools
You swim and get water up your nose and in your ears (this drug treats sinusitis and OTITIS media).
Cephadroxil “Drop rocks” While you are peeing you drop rocks (This drug treats UTIs).
Cephalothin “…Loathing”
If your heart is infected, you can’t love, only loathe (this is used to treat severe infections such as endocarditis).
Cephamandole “…Man doll” You have to inflate your man doll and you get an upper respiratory infection. If you “use” this anatomically correct man doll, he will give you pelvic inflammatory disease (This drug is indicated for URI and PID). He’s also so real that he bleeds!!! (Adverse effect: It affects Vit-K dependent clotting function)
Cephazolin “…Soul in” You want to keep your soul in and not die if you go to surgery (this drug is used prophylactically for surgery).
Cephoperazone “…Opera zone” Going to the opera makes me want to get drunk to the point of illness. These drugs, when mixed with ethanol interfere with ALDH, affecting alcohol metabolism (you end up with increased acetaldehyde – a DISULFIRAM-LIKE REACTION).
Also, if you see Phantom of the Opera, expect to see some blood! (This affects Vit-K dependent clotting function.)
Cephotaxime “…Tax time” IRS is hard to kill off – they are MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANT (Use this drug against MDR strains.).
Clindamycin “Clean the mice”
You’re cleaning the mice because they are covered with ticks (this drug is used to treat Lyme Disease). You have to use SOS kitchen cleaner to clean the mice (SOS = 50 S ribosomal unit – where this drug acts).
Richard Gere likes to put mice in “where the sun don’t shine” and this is a very FRAGILE procedure (Clindamycin may cause Pseudomembranous enterocolitis and it’s also used to treat B. fragilis infections).
Fluconazole “Flu cone” Imagine an emaciated AIDS patient eating an ice cream cone made of the flu and he gets an oral and esophageal fungal infection. (This is used to treat oral and esophageal candidiasis in AIDS patients).
Foscarnet “Fox cARRR net” If you catch foxes in a net, they won’t reproduce (this drug is a stage 3 inhibitor). ARRR… it inhibits RNA polymerase and Reverse transcriptase to block Reproduction. You’re going to put the foxes into a car that’s made out of bones instead of metal (this drug binds to bones and decreases Ca2+ and Mg2+).
Also, a foxy lady is HOT (this drug will cause a fever) and never wear fox urine to hunt (this is excreted in the kidney and causes renal insufficiency).
inhalational corticosteroids
Bed Bug Flew To Florida
Succinylcholine: action, use
Cholinergics (eg organophosphates): effects
If you know these, you will be "LESS DUMB":
Steroids: side effects
BECLOMETHASONE:
Methyldopa: side effects
METHYLDOPA:
Sodium valproate: side effects
VALPROATE:
Captopril (an ACE inhibitor): side effects
CAPTOPRIL:
Lithium: side effects
LITH:
Opioids: effects
BAD AMERICANS:
Ca++ channel blockers: uses
CA++ MASH:
·
Alternatively: "CHASM":
HOSANA this is a christian word.
Quote:
H-H2blockers O-opeoids S-sedatives-antianxiety A-anticholenergic N-neuroleptics A-antiemetics |
anti epeleptic drugs
Dr.BHAISAB's New PC.
Quote:
D...deoxy barbiturates B...barbiturates H....hydantoin A.. aliphatic carb acids I....iminostilbenes S....succinimides B....BZD's N.... newer drugs P....Phenyltriazines C... cyclic gaba analogues |
Quote:
K kidney toxicity A antianabolic effect P phototoxicity I inc ICP L liver toxicity D diabetes insipidus E enamel problems V vestibular toxicity |
SHaLi's BF Ghoghari Gautam is Chor.
Quote:
S-skin H-hyperurecemia L-lymphoreticular tissue B-bone marrow F-Foetus G-gonads G-git C-carcinogenecity |
'melbourne cricket authority has high funds though players get minor amount' .. for clinical uses of beta blockers...
Drugs causing pulmonary fibrosis:
Quote:
BAB like in baba (father) Bleomycin Amiodarone Busulfan |
smart boys in girls hostel
B.... bone marrow depression
H...hypersensitivity
I....irritative effects
S.....superinfections
G.....Gray baby syndrome
ampicillin uses
UR GMCS BeST
Quote:
UTI Respi Gonorrhoea Maningitis cholecystitis septicemias bacillary dysentry sabe typhoid |
Acyclovir “I see clover”
I see a three-leaf clover (this is a prodrug that gets converted into a triphosphate – it resembles dNTP and inhibits DNA Polymerase). Imagine putting clovers over herpes sores and genital warts (this is used to treat those).
Amantadine “Homan to Dean” In case you haven’t heard, Dr. Homan is our new SOM dean. His new policy: he won’t let us come to school without our white coats (this drug blocks uncoating, stage 2, in viral infection). Other interesting facts about him: he can pee for 12 hours straight! (The half-life is 12h and it’s excreted unchanged in the kidney .)
Dr. Homan can’t take the pressure of being a new dean so he becomes a nervous drunk with depression, feelings of detachment, insomnia, dizziness, ataxia, slurred speech, and inability to concentrate (these are some of the adverse effects)
Cephachlor “Chlorine” – as in swimming pools
You swim and get water up your nose and in your ears (this drug treats sinusitis and OTITIS media).
Cephadroxil “Drop rocks” While you are peeing you drop rocks (This drug treats UTIs).
Cephalothin “…Loathing”
If your heart is infected, you can’t love, only loathe (this is used to treat severe infections such as endocarditis).
Cephamandole “…Man doll” You have to inflate your man doll and you get an upper respiratory infection. If you “use” this anatomically correct man doll, he will give you pelvic inflammatory disease (This drug is indicated for URI and PID). He’s also so real that he bleeds!!! (Adverse effect: It affects Vit-K dependent clotting function)
Cephazolin “…Soul in” You want to keep your soul in and not die if you go to surgery (this drug is used prophylactically for surgery).
Cephoperazone “…Opera zone” Going to the opera makes me want to get drunk to the point of illness. These drugs, when mixed with ethanol interfere with ALDH, affecting alcohol metabolism (you end up with increased acetaldehyde – a DISULFIRAM-LIKE REACTION).
Also, if you see Phantom of the Opera, expect to see some blood! (This affects Vit-K dependent clotting function.)
Cephotaxime “…Tax time” IRS is hard to kill off – they are MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANT (Use this drug against MDR strains.).
Clindamycin “Clean the mice”
You’re cleaning the mice because they are covered with ticks (this drug is used to treat Lyme Disease). You have to use SOS kitchen cleaner to clean the mice (SOS = 50 S ribosomal unit – where this drug acts).
Richard Gere likes to put mice in “where the sun don’t shine” and this is a very FRAGILE procedure (Clindamycin may cause Pseudomembranous enterocolitis and it’s also used to treat B. fragilis infections).
Fluconazole “Flu cone” Imagine an emaciated AIDS patient eating an ice cream cone made of the flu and he gets an oral and esophageal fungal infection. (This is used to treat oral and esophageal candidiasis in AIDS patients).
Foscarnet “Fox cARRR net” If you catch foxes in a net, they won’t reproduce (this drug is a stage 3 inhibitor). ARRR… it inhibits RNA polymerase and Reverse transcriptase to block Reproduction. You’re going to put the foxes into a car that’s made out of bones instead of metal (this drug binds to bones and decreases Ca2+ and Mg2+).
Also, a foxy lady is HOT (this drug will cause a fever) and never wear fox urine to hunt (this is excreted in the kidney and causes renal insufficiency).
inhalational corticosteroids
Bed Bug Flew To Florida
Quote:
B-BECLOMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE B-BUDESONIDE F-FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE T-TRIAMCINALONE F-FLUNISOLIDE |
Quote:
Succinylcholine gets Stuck to Ach receptor, then Sucks ions in through open pore. You Suck stuff in through a mouth-tube, and drug is used for intubation |
If you know these, you will be "LESS DUMB":
Quote:
Lacrimation Excitation of nicotinic synapses Salivation Sweating Diarrhea Urination Micturition Bronchoconstriction |
BECLOMETHASONE:
Quote:
Buffalo hump Easy bruising Cataracts Larger appetite Obesity Moonface Euphoria Thin arms & legs Hypertension/ Hyperglycaemia Avascular necrosis of femoral head Skin thinning Osteoporosis Negative nitrogen balance Emotional liability |
METHYLDOPA:
Quote:
Mental retardation Electrolyte imbalance Tolerance Headache/ Hepatotoxicity psYcological upset Lactation in female Dry mouth Oedema Parkinsonism Anaemia (haemolytic) |
VALPROATE:
Quote:
Vomiting Alopecia Liver toxicity Pancreatitis/ Pancytopenia Retention of fats (weight gain) Oedema (peripheral oedema) Appetite increase Tremor Enzyme inducer (liver) |
CAPTOPRIL:
Quote:
Cough Angioedema/ Agranulocystosis Proteinuria/ Potassium excess Taste changes Orthostatic hypotension Pregnancy contraindication/ Pancreatitis/ Pressure drop (first dose hypertension) Renal failure (and renal artery stenosis contraindication)/ Rash Indomethacin inhibition Leukopenia/ Liver toxicity |
LITH:
Quote:
Leukocytosis Insipidus [diabetes insipidus, tied to polyuria] Tremor/ Teratogenesis Hypothyroidism |
BAD AMERICANS:
Quote:
Bradycardia & hypotension Anorexia Diminished pupilary size Analgesics Miosis Euphoria Respiratory depression Increased smooth muscle activity (biliary tract constriction) Constipation Ameliorate cough reflex Nausea and vomiting Sedations |
Ca++ channel blockers: uses
CA++ MASH:
Quote:
Cerebral vasospasm/ CHF Angina Migranes Atrial flutter, fibrillation Supraventricular tachycardia Hypertension |
Alternatively: "CHASM":
Quote:
Cererbral vasospasm / CHF Hypertension Angina Suprventricular tachyarrhythmia Migranes |
Pupils in overdose: morphine vs. amphetamine
MorPHINE: Fine.
AmPHETamine: Fat
"Morphine overdose: pupils constricted (fine)
Amphetamine overdose: pupils dilated (fat)
Phenobarbitone side effects
Children are annoying (hyperkinesia, irritability, insomnia, aggression)
Adults are dosy (sedation, dizziness, drowsiness
Atropine: origin tells action or vice versa
Atropine causes your pupils to dilate, and it came from nightshade [belladona]In the night or in shade, your pupils dilate so you can see
Atropine use: tachycardia or bradycardia
"A goes with B":
Atropine used clinically to treat Bradycardia
Reserpine action
Reserpine depletes the Reserves of catecholamines [and serotonin]
Sodium channel blockade: Procainamide, Quinidine, Disopyramide
"Quaker Preachers Discussed Sobriety."
Quaker-Quinidine
Preachers-Procainamide
Discussed-Disopyramide
Sobriety-Sodium channel blockade
Class IB - Sodium channel blockade: Lidocaine, Phenytoin, Mexiletine, tocainide
"Philadelphians Like Salty Mexican Tacos."
Philadelphians-Phenytoin
Like-Lidocaine
Salty-Sodium channel blockade
Mexican-Mexiletine
Tacos-Tocainide
Class IC - Sodium channel blockade: Flecainide, Encainide, Propafenone
"Flea Encrusted Prophets."
Flea-Flecainide
Encrusted-Encainide
Prophets-Propafenone
Class II - Beta-adrenergic blockade: Propranolol
"Betting Professionals."
Betting-Beta-adrenergic blockade
Professionals-Propranolol
Class III - Prolong repolarization: Amiodarone, Bretylium, Solatol
"Britain Repossessed American Soaps."
Britain-Bretylium
Repossessed-Repolarization is prolonged.
American-Amiodarone
Soaps-Solatol
Class IV - Calcium channel blockade: Verapamil, Diltiazem
"Calligraphist's Verbal Dilemma."
Calligraphist-Calcium channel blockade
Verbal-Verapamil
Dilemma-Diltiazem
Antiarrhythmic agents:
"A Dubious Quality Product...
Bought To Preserve Little Money...
Can Fabricate Enough Problems."
A-1a B-1b C-1c
1a-A:
D-Disopyramide
Q-Quinidine
P-Procainamide
1b-B:
T-Tocainamide
P-Phenytoin
L-Lidocaine
M-Mexiletine
1c-C:
F-Flecainamide
E-Encainamide
P-Propafenone
Mnemonics For Side Effects.
ACEI, Side Effects
CAPTOPRIL
Cough,
anaphylaxis,
palpitations,
taste,
orthostatic ↓BP,
Potassium (↑K+),
Renal impairment,
impotence,
leucocytosis
Anti-epileptic side Effects
ABCDEFGH
Ataxia,
blood dyscrasia,
cleft lip,
dupuytrens / vit D def,
exfoliation of skin & Stevens Johnson’s. Fits,
GI upset / gum hypertrophy,
hepatitis / hairy
Barbiturate side Effects
ABCD
Ataxia,
behavioural disturbance,
↓concentration / coma,
depression / drowsy / diplopia
Cholinergic OD side Effects
DUMB BELS
Diarrhoea,
Urination,
Miosis / muscle weakness,
bronchorrea
Bradycardia,
emesis,
lacrimation,
salivation / sweating
Cyclosporin Side Effects
4HRT
4H - Hyper K+, hypertension, gum hypertrophy, hairy
R – Renal toxicity
T - Tremor
Digoxin S/E
GECCKO
GIT – n&v, abdo pain, ulcers
Eyes – blurring, halo, xanthopsia
CNS – depression, confusion, delirium, hallucinations
Cardiac – ANY arrhythmia
K - low
MAOI side Effects
3Hs
Hepatocellular jaundice,
Hyperthermia,
hypertension
TCAD side Effects
CAN WOO
Cvs,
Anticholinergic,
Neuro,
Withdrawal,
Overdose,
Others
Steroids Side Effects
HIGH COMPACT IMPS
Hypertension,
Immunosuppression,
Gastric Ulcer (bleeding),
Heartburn
Cataract,
Osteoporosis,
Muscle weakness,
Path # / Psychosis,
Acne / Altered Glucose,
Cushingoid,
Thin skin
Increased appetite,
Myopathy,
poor wound healing,
stress response reduced
AM CUSHINGOID
Acne,
Myopathy (prox) / muscle wasting (prox)
Cushingoid / Cataract,
Ulcers,
Striae, skin thin (bruising),
Hypertension / hairy,
Infection,
Glycosuria,
Obesity / Osteoporosis / Oedema,
Immunosuppression / Insomnia,
Depression
MorPHINE: Fine.
AmPHETamine: Fat
"Morphine overdose: pupils constricted (fine)
Amphetamine overdose: pupils dilated (fat)
Phenobarbitone side effects
Children are annoying (hyperkinesia, irritability, insomnia, aggression)
Adults are dosy (sedation, dizziness, drowsiness
Atropine: origin tells action or vice versa
Atropine causes your pupils to dilate, and it came from nightshade [belladona]In the night or in shade, your pupils dilate so you can see
Atropine use: tachycardia or bradycardia
"A goes with B":
Atropine used clinically to treat Bradycardia
Reserpine action
Reserpine depletes the Reserves of catecholamines [and serotonin]
Sodium channel blockade: Procainamide, Quinidine, Disopyramide
"Quaker Preachers Discussed Sobriety."
Quaker-Quinidine
Preachers-Procainamide
Discussed-Disopyramide
Sobriety-Sodium channel blockade
Class IB - Sodium channel blockade: Lidocaine, Phenytoin, Mexiletine, tocainide
"Philadelphians Like Salty Mexican Tacos."
Philadelphians-Phenytoin
Like-Lidocaine
Salty-Sodium channel blockade
Mexican-Mexiletine
Tacos-Tocainide
Class IC - Sodium channel blockade: Flecainide, Encainide, Propafenone
"Flea Encrusted Prophets."
Flea-Flecainide
Encrusted-Encainide
Prophets-Propafenone
Class II - Beta-adrenergic blockade: Propranolol
"Betting Professionals."
Betting-Beta-adrenergic blockade
Professionals-Propranolol
Class III - Prolong repolarization: Amiodarone, Bretylium, Solatol
"Britain Repossessed American Soaps."
Britain-Bretylium
Repossessed-Repolarization is prolonged.
American-Amiodarone
Soaps-Solatol
Class IV - Calcium channel blockade: Verapamil, Diltiazem
"Calligraphist's Verbal Dilemma."
Calligraphist-Calcium channel blockade
Verbal-Verapamil
Dilemma-Diltiazem
Antiarrhythmic agents:
"A Dubious Quality Product...
Bought To Preserve Little Money...
Can Fabricate Enough Problems."
A-1a B-1b C-1c
1a-A:
D-Disopyramide
Q-Quinidine
P-Procainamide
1b-B:
T-Tocainamide
P-Phenytoin
L-Lidocaine
M-Mexiletine
1c-C:
F-Flecainamide
E-Encainamide
P-Propafenone
Mnemonics For Side Effects.
ACEI, Side Effects
CAPTOPRIL
Cough,
anaphylaxis,
palpitations,
taste,
orthostatic ↓BP,
Potassium (↑K+),
Renal impairment,
impotence,
leucocytosis
Anti-epileptic side Effects
ABCDEFGH
Ataxia,
blood dyscrasia,
cleft lip,
dupuytrens / vit D def,
exfoliation of skin & Stevens Johnson’s. Fits,
GI upset / gum hypertrophy,
hepatitis / hairy
Barbiturate side Effects
ABCD
Ataxia,
behavioural disturbance,
↓concentration / coma,
depression / drowsy / diplopia
Cholinergic OD side Effects
DUMB BELS
Diarrhoea,
Urination,
Miosis / muscle weakness,
bronchorrea
Bradycardia,
emesis,
lacrimation,
salivation / sweating
Cyclosporin Side Effects
4HRT
4H - Hyper K+, hypertension, gum hypertrophy, hairy
R – Renal toxicity
T - Tremor
Digoxin S/E
GECCKO
GIT – n&v, abdo pain, ulcers
Eyes – blurring, halo, xanthopsia
CNS – depression, confusion, delirium, hallucinations
Cardiac – ANY arrhythmia
K - low
MAOI side Effects
3Hs
Hepatocellular jaundice,
Hyperthermia,
hypertension
TCAD side Effects
CAN WOO
Cvs,
Anticholinergic,
Neuro,
Withdrawal,
Overdose,
Others
Steroids Side Effects
HIGH COMPACT IMPS
Hypertension,
Immunosuppression,
Gastric Ulcer (bleeding),
Heartburn
Cataract,
Osteoporosis,
Muscle weakness,
Path # / Psychosis,
Acne / Altered Glucose,
Cushingoid,
Thin skin
Increased appetite,
Myopathy,
poor wound healing,
stress response reduced
AM CUSHINGOID
Acne,
Myopathy (prox) / muscle wasting (prox)
Cushingoid / Cataract,
Ulcers,
Striae, skin thin (bruising),
Hypertension / hairy,
Infection,
Glycosuria,
Obesity / Osteoporosis / Oedema,
Immunosuppression / Insomnia,
Depression
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